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Fritchie Marsh
Fritchie Marsh is an area encompassing 6,291 acres of intermediate and brackish marsh 〔(M., Richard, B., 2012. Operations, Maintenance and Monitoring Report for Fritchie Marsh Restoration (PO-06), Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana. 43 pp, including appendices. http://lacoast.gov/reports/project/4330403~1.pdf ).〕 located approximately three miles to the southeast of Slidell, Louisiana, USA. This wetland was originally documented as a freshwater marsh but has since been converted to a mixed intermediate and brackish marsh, and it threatens to become open salt water. Through the combined efforts of conservation groups and sponsors, the Fritchie Marsh Restoration Project was created and designed to restore the area to its original state. In the early years, this project showed a positive impact but soon suffered a devastating impact during Hurricane Katrina.〔
== Classification ==
Although the Fritchie Marsh area was documented in 1956 as a freshwater marsh, currently the area is labeled as containing both intermediate and brackish marshland,〔 distinguished based on the level of salinity.〔(Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. August 2009. The Natural Communities of Louisiana, Louisiana Natural Heritage Program. 8-16 pp. http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/page_wildlife/6776-Rare%20Natural%20Communities/LA_NAT_COM.pdf ).〕 Brackish marshland typically averages in salinity at 8 ppt (parts per thousand of salt), whereas intermediate marshland typically averages at 3.3 ppt.〔 In order for a marsh to be considered a freshwater marsh, the salinity level cannot exceed 2 ppt.〔(D. 2004. A Guide to the Wetland of the Lake Pontchartrain Basin. 46pp. http://www.saveourlake.org/PDF-documents/habitat/Wetland_guide1.pdf ).〕 With an increase in salinity comes a decrease in plant diversity and soil organic matter.〔 Therefore, freshwater marshlands support the greatest variety of plant and animal life followed by intermediate marshland and brackish marshland, respectively.〔
The intermediate marshland areas of Fritchie Marsh are dominated by salt marsh hay.〔 Big cordgrass and alligator weed are also found there.〔 Because salt marsh hay tolerates a wide variety of salinity levels, it is also the dominating grass found in brackish marshland areas of Fritchie Marsh.〔 Salt grass also tolerates the higher salinity of the brackish marsh.〔
A shift from intermediate to brackish marshland is possible when salinity levels increase.〔 It is generally thought that these shifts occur throughout Louisiana wetlands from the intrusion of salt water.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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